Ahmed Abubakari conducted fieldwork in Ghana in December 2016 and January 2017. He surveyed 400 households in the Kwae, Asuom, Otumi and Anweam communities around the Ghana Oil Palm Development Company (GOPDC) plantation in the eastern part of the country. Respondents included plantation workers and oil palm outgrowers under contract by GOPDC, as well as individual oil palm producers and subsistence farmers. These surveys were part of project FICESSA, and focused on the main livelihood strategies, as well as the poverty and food security levels of households affected by oil palm production in the wider area.